Cov khoom noj khoom noj ua si ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov tsiaj yug tsiaj thiab ua kom zoo nkauj los ntawm nws cov cai noj qab haus huv, kev loj hlob, thiab zoo ntawm cov ntses. Tawm ntawm txhua tus pub zaub mov ntxiv,AstaxanthinHmoov tau pom tias yog cov khoom lag luam zoo tshaj plaws rau ntses cov xim, tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv, thiab tus nqi loj hlob. Raws li lub ntuj carotenoid xim,Astaxanthinyog feem ntau tsim kev siv microalgae xws li haematococcus pluvialis, poov (phaffia rhaurozyma), thiab crustacean plhaub.
Cov bioactive thiab antioxidant yam ntxwv ntawmAstaxanthinQhov tshwm sim nyob rau hauv kev xaiv zoo rau Aquaculture kev lag luam uas nyiam los tsim cov kev noj qab haus huv, muaj sia, thiab cov ntses muaj zog. Tshooj lus hauv qab no qhia txog qhov zoo, siv, thiab pov thawj kev tshawb fawb tau siv tau sivAstaxanthinHmoov nyob rau hauv ntses.
Dab tsi yog Astaxanthin?
AstaxanthinYog cov liab liab -} txiv kab ntxwv carotenoid xim pom hauv cov khoom siv dej ua ke xws li algae, Krill, thiab Salmon. Astaxanthin tsis zoo li hluavtaws pigments hauv kev ua ntuj, bioavailable, thiab nontoxic thiab li no ntses muaj ntses pub dawb ntxiv.
AstaxanthinHmoov yog feem ntau thov nyob rau hauv aquaculture los txhim kho ntses thiab tawv nqaij, gysfish, thiab cichlids raws li muaj ntses arenamental. Sib nrug los ntawm nws cov xim cuam tshuam, nws accelulates cov metabolism, kev loj hlob, luam tawm, thiab kev tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm cov ntses.
Qhov zoo ntawm Astaxanthin hmoov hauv cov ntses
1. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws pigmentation thiab kev ua lag luam tus nqi
Xim yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws cov xeeb ceem ntawm ornamental ntses thiab ntses ntses zoo li salmon thiab trout.AstaxanthinUa kom tiav qhov no los ntawm kev tsim cov nqaij ntses thiab cov tawv nqaij, ua kom muaj kev txhim kho, muaj xim zoo nkauj dua.
Ornamental ntses zoo li cov ntses kub thiab koi muaj ntau xim nrog liab, txiv kab ntxwv, thiab daj.
Salmonids uas tau pub ottaxanthin -} {{1} {2}- cov xim liab uas cov neeg muas zaub nyiam.
Ntxiv nrog Astaxanthin tau pom tias yog xim ntau dua xim piv nrog cannaxanthin lossis beta {0} {{0} {{0} {}} Carotene (Torrissen & Christian, 1995).
2. Txhim Kho Kev Loj Hlob thiab Ua Haujlwm
Kev loj hlob hauv cov ntses yog metabolic - thiab kev noj haus - Nyob. Astaxanthin yog kev loj hlob - txhawb nqa los ntawm:
- Txhim kho protein protein siv.
- Kev txhim kho pub pub dawb piv (FRCR).
- Txhim kho cov metabolism thiab kev txuag hluav taws xob.
Kev sim nrog zaj sawv qhia tawm Astaxanthin txhawb nqa tau kev tawm tsam kev loj hlob thiab pub siv piv nrog kev tswj cov pluas noj (torrissen, 1996).
3. Lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob
Cov nyhuv antioxidant ntawm Astaxanthin tau tshwm sim hauv nws ua lub ntuj muaj zog hloov kho. Los ntawm kev nruab nrab ntawm cov pathogenic dawb radicals, nws tiv thaiv ntses hlwb tiv thaiv oxidative kev ntxhov siab thiab tsim cov kab mob tsis kam.
Cov txiaj ntsig muaj xws li:
- Ntxiv ciaj sia ntawm cov xwm txheej ntxhov siab xws li thauj, neeg coob coob, lossis kub kub.
- Txo cov tau mob rau cov kab mob thiab kab mob kis kab mob.
- Txhim kho kev tiv thaiv rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv aquaculture.
Kev tshawb fawb ntawm Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) xaus lus tias kev noj haus astraxanthin txhim kho cov khoom siv tsis muaj zog, piv txwv li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob (amar li al., 2004).
4. Ua kom zoo dua kev ua me nyuam
Astaxanthin Ua Kom Ua Kom Zoo Dua Kev Ua Lag Luam hauv Ntses Ntawm:
- Txhim kho lub qe zoo thiab muaj peev xwm.
- Kev txhim kho txoj sia sia.
- Saib xyuas kev txhim kho gonadal.
Astaxanthin {-} Cov khoom noj khoom haus Boodstock Noj tau tshaj tawm los tsim cov kev noj qab haus huv nrog cov kab mob thiab kev ntxhov siab.
5. Antioxidant tiv thaiv oxidative kev ntxhov siab
Aquaculture -} Cov ntses reared yog ib txwm muaj rau kev ntxhov siab yam xws li {{} thicking, thiab tuav. Cov kev ntxhov siab no txhim kho oxidative kev nyuaj siab, uas ua rau cov ntaub so ntswg puas thiab kev loj hlob rov qab.
Los ntawm nws cov antioxidant nkaus, Astaxanthin inhibits:
- Kev tiv thaiv cov ntses ntses tiv thaiv lipid peroxidation.
- Kev saib xyuas ntawm daim siab noj qab nyob zoo thiab gill ua haujlwm.
- Kev ua kom haum rau hauv kev tswj kav dav hlau tiv thaiv aquaculture.
Cov ntawv thov ntawm Astaxanthin hmoov hauv cov ntses
1. Cov khoom noj ntses ntses dej qaib
Astaxanthinyog dav siv nyob rau hauv aquaculture ntawm salmon, trout, thiab cws rau:
Yuav kom ua tiav cov xim muaj peev xwm.
Txhawm rau txhim kho kev lag luam thiab cov neeg siv khoom siv tau.
Txhawm rau txhim kho kev loj hlob thiab kev ciaj sia taus.
2. Ornamental tis ntses kev lag luam
Hauv Koi, goldfish, gupfies, thiab lwm tus ntses tau tsa ua ornaments, pigmentation yog qhov taw qhia kev zoo nkauj thiab kev noj qab haus huv. Astaxanthin yuav tsum muaj nyob rau hauv ornamental pub kom tau txais ntau tshaj plaws pigmentation thiab ntses noj qab haus huv.
3. Larval thiab cov ntses ntses
Astaxanthin hauv kev noj thaum lub sij hawm kev txhim kho kab loj txhim kho txhim kho kev loj hlob thaum pib theem, pob txha tsis kam. Qhov no pab txhawb kom txhim kho kev muaj sia nyob los ntawm cov theem thaum ntxov ntawm lub neej.
4. Ua haujlwm pub mis
Increasingly, astaxanthin is being added to functional aquafeeds-products not merely for growth, but for enhancement of fish health, stress tolerance, and disease resistances.
Ntuj vs. hluavtaws Astaxanthin
Txawm hais tias muaj hluavtawsAstaxanthin, algal thiab poov xab yuav siv ntawm ntuj Astaxanthin yog qhov zoo dua hauv kev ua haujlwm thiab kev nyab xeeb. Lub ntujAstaxanthinTau pom tias nthuav tawm cov kev ua si ntau dua thiab cov xim uas siv tau ntau dua (Higuera - Ciapara li al., 2006).
Natural Qhov Chaw: Haematococcus Pluvialis Algae, Paffia Rhodozyma poov xab, Krill noj mov.
Synthetic cov peev txheej: Petrochemical derivatives, qis dua bioavailability, thiab tsis tsim nyog txhua qhov chaw hauv ib puag ncig cov khw muag khoom.
Ntuj Astaxanthin hmoov yog qhov zoo tagnrho rau epofriendly aqaculture.
Ntsej Muag thiab Pub Cov Lus Qhia
Qhov ntau npaum li cas yuav tsum muaj ntses ntses, hom ntses, theem kev loj hlob, thiab siv (pigmentation vs. kev noj qab haus huv):
- Salmonids: 30-100 mg / kg ntawm pub.
- Ornamental Ntses: 50-200 MG / kg ntawm pub.
- Tilapia thiab Carp: 20-80 mg / kg ntawm pub.
Astaxanthinyuav tsum tsim kom raug rau hauv cov khoom noj kom tau txais kev ua haujlwm siab tshaj plaws. Capsule los yog ruaj khov hmoov ntawv cov khoom muab tau nce ntxiv Bioavailability thiab stability tiv thaiv pub khoom noj.
Kev ruaj khov thiab kev ua lag luam
Raws li cov neeg tau txais kev pab nrhiav ntau cov khoom lag luam dej aquaculture,AstaxanthinPuas yog ua tau nrhiav -} Tom qab cov khoom xyaw hauv ib puag ncig ntsuab ntsuab ntses ua liaj ua teb.Astaxanthin'smuaj nuj nqi hauv kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv nrog rau pigmentation yog txiav cia ntawm kev siv cov pigthetic pigments thiab tshuaj lom neeg
Daim ntawv thov uas yog cov khoom sib xyaw ntawm ib puag ncig ua liaj ua teb ua liaj ua teb.
Kev lag luam hauv kev lag luam tau pom cov neeg ua lag luam zoo zuj zus rau cov astaxanthin los ntawm aquaculture vim:
- Kev noj cov ntses loj hlob ntawm cov ntses ntiaj teb.
- Loj hlob ornamental ntses lag luam.
- Hloov mus rau kev ua haujlwm thoob dej ua haujlwm rau kev ua tau zoo thiab kev noj qab haus huv.
Tag
AstaxanthinCov hmoov tsis muaj dab tsi ntau tshaj li cov ntses xim daj - nws yog kev noj qab haus huv-} kev pab txhawb cov khoom. Nrog nws cov xim txhim kho, kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv, kev loj hlob, Astaxanthin zaum ntawm aquaculturure thiab dej tsis muaj dej hiav txwv.
Raws li Aquaculture kev lag luam ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua kom ruaj khov, poov xab thiab algae - derated ntujAstaxanthinHmoov yog ua ib qho khoom tseem ceeb los tsim cov khoom noj qab nyob zoo, muaj zog, thiab ntses lag luam.
Ntawv Sawv cev
Amig, EC, Kiron, V., Satoh, S., & Watanabe, T. (2004). Kev txhim kho ntawm Innate Txhaj Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv hauv zaj sawv (oncorhynchus mykiss) los ntawm kev noj zaub mov noj ntawm carotenoids. Ntses & qwj plhaub carrigology, 16 (5), 527-537.
Cov ntseeg Vajtswv, R., & torrissen, OJ (1996). Kev loj hlob thiab muaj kev ciaj sia ntawm atlantic salmon (salmo salmon (salmo salar) in relation to awaxanthin concentration hauv kev noj haus. Aquaculture, 143 (1), 331-342.
Higuera - Ciaara, I., Félix- valenzuela, L., & GEyconea, FM (2006). Astaxanthin: Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm nws cov kev ntsuas tshuaj thiab kev siv. Kev txheeb xyuas tseem ceeb hauv kev tshawb fawb zaub mov thiab khoom noj khoom haus, 46 (2), 185-196.
Torrissen, OJ, & Cov ntseeg, R. (1995). Yuav tsum muaj rau carotenoids hauv cov zaub mov ntses. Phau ntawv Journal of thov iChlyology, 11 (3-4), 225-230.
Pérez {- Velasco, D., Martínez- sálego- noche, B. (2020). Carotenoids hauv aquaculture: Astaxanthin tus nqi hauv Ntses Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv thiab Khoom Noj. Aquaculture Tshawb Fawb, 51 (12), 5061-5073.
