Aquaculture tam sim no yog ib lub ntiaj teb ceev tshaj plaws - loj hlob zaub mov ua cov haujlwm uas muaj cov khoom noj muaj nuj nqis hauv kev ua tiav cov protein ntau yam. Kev loj hlob ntses loj hlob, kawg cov khoom lag luam zoo, thiab ntses kev noj qab haus huv yog lub luag haujlwm ncaj qha rau aquaculture kom tiav. Ntawm tag nrho cov ntuj pub tshuaj ntxiv siv rau Aquaaculture Edement,AstaxanthinHmoov tau txais raws li tus neeg sawv cev zoo heev nrog ntau qhov zoo.
AstaxanthinYog lub powerenoid pigment Lawm ib txwm muaj nyob rau hauv microalgae, poov xab, thiab Krill uas tau ua kev zoo siab rau nws cov xim liab zoo thiab muaj peev xwm rau cov tshuaj antioxident siab. Thaum siv raws li ib tug ntses pub ntxiv,AstaxanthinCov hmoov tsis muaj xim tsuas yog tsuas yog ua rau tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv, kev loj hlob, muaj peev xwm ua me nyuam, thiab kev ntxhov siab tsis kam ua me nyuam. Nws yog li no ib qho tseem ceeb tseem ceeb nyob rau aquaculture ib txwm muaj.
Qhov blog no tham txog cov ntsiab lus yuav ua li casAstaxanthinHmoov pab ntses kev loj hlob thiab kev noj qab haus huv, kev noj qab haus huv ntawm kev noj qab haus huv, ntawv thov, thiab cov ntaub ntawv ua pov thawj rau nws txoj kev siv hauv aquatefeed.
Dab tsi yog Astaxanthin?
Astaxanthinyog carotenoid pigment ntawm lub keeb kwm ntuj uas ntog hauv qab xanthophyl qeb. Nws yog tsim los ntawm qee cov microalgae (piv txwv li, haematella zawv ntau ntau cov khoom noj, piv txwv li, Kran, thiab Salmon.
Astaxanthin, Lawm, xim salmon, trout, cw, thiab cw lawv liab qab - txiv kab ntxwv He. Dhau qhov xim,AstaxanthinYog ib qho kev tiv thaiv muaj zog heev, ntau dua li beta - Carotene, Lutorxidant yog ntaus nqi ntses tawm tsam kev ntxhov siab oxidatingtive.
Lub luag haujlwm ntawm Astaxanthin hauv cov ntses kev loj hlob thiab kev noj qab haus huv
1. Pigment Ehinancement
Pigmentation yog kab tias ib qho ntawm qhov zoo dua - cov ntawv thov ntawmAstaxanthinhmoov hauv aquaculture. Salmonids thiab thoob dej yug ntses yuav tsum muaj xim heev, thiab qhov no muaj qhov cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau tus nqi ua lag luam.
- Salmonids:AstaxanthinCia nyob rau hauv cov leeg nqaij hauv salmon thiab trout, ua rau salmon paj yeeb {}} cov xim liab uas tsim nyog xav tau los ntawm cov neeg siv khoom.
- Ornamental Ntses: Hauv cov ntses ornamental zoo li cichlids, kub, thiab koi, astaxanthin nce qhov tob ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab ntsuas xim siv, txhim kho pom.
AstaxanthinNws tsis muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm cov xim xim tab sis kuj tseem muaj txiaj ntsig kev noj qab haus huv, cov xim sib xyaw zoo li qub. Tus xim yog vim li no xaiv qhov nyiam rau siab-}}} aquafEdeeds.
2. Kev tiv thaiv kab mob antioxidant muaj zog
Dawb radical -}}}} tsim cov oxidative kev ntxhov siab yog qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb hauv aquaculture. Nws muaj lub peev xwm los cuam tshuam kev loj hlob, kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv, thiab kev kho tus noj qab haus huv ntawm cov ntses. Astaxanthin yog ib qho dawb radical scavenger, thiab nws tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov lipids, cov protein, thiab DNA los ntawm oxidative kev puas tsuaj.
Kev tshawb fawb qhia tau tias Astaxanthin:
- Suppresses lipid peroxidation ntawm cov nqaij ntses.
- Txheeb cov antioxidant enzyme muaj nuj nqi (piv txwv li, superoxide supermutase thiab catalase).
- Qhia cov kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv siab rau high- qhov ceev kab lis kev cai {{} Kev ntxhov siab, kev ntxhov siab thiab kub ntxhov ntawm cov ntses.
Qhov kev txiav txim siab ntawm antioxidant no yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev xa cov ntses tseem ceeb hauv kev ua liaj ua teb.
3. Kev tiv thaiv kab mob
Kev tiv thaiv ntses nyob hauv ntses yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev muaj sia nyob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum ntsib nrog cov dej muaj zog nrog kev tshwm sim ntawm cov kab mob tshwm sim. Astaxanthin ntxiv tau pom tias:
- Txhim kho lub cev tsis muaj zog ntawm tes (piv txwv li, macrophages thiab cov lymphocytes).
- Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob cytokine.
- Kev txhim kho tiv thaiv kab mob thiab kab mob kis.
Piv txwv, kev tshawb fawb ntawm zaj sawv trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) qhia tiasAstaxanthinCov khoom seem txhawb kom muaj sia nyob tom qab cov kab mob sib tw.AstaxanthinTxhim kho innate thiab kev hloov kho tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv thiab, Thiaj li, minimizes cov kab mob kev noj, tsawg heev li ua kom muaj kev ruaj khov hauv aquaculture.
4. Kev Loj Hlob Ua Haujlwm Txhim Kho
Kev loj hlob zoo yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom muaj aquaculture tseem ceeb. Astaxanthin txhim kho kev loj hlob los ntawm txoj kev hauv qab no:
- Txhim Kho Pub Rau Kev Ua Tau Zoo: Astaxanthin txhim kho cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev txhim kho metaboling.
- Txhim kho Mitochondrial ua haujlwm: nws tiv tauj Mitochondria, xov tooj ntawm tes "" los tsim lub zog zoo dua.
- Txo kev ntxhov siab: los ntawm inhibing oxiding oxidating kev ntxhov siab, ntses faib lub zog ntau rau kev loj hlob dua li kev muaj kev ntxhov siab.
Hauv salmonids, kev noj zaub mov Astaxanthin yog cuam tshuam nrog kev hnyav dua, FCR, thiab muaj sia nyob thiab muaj sia nyob zoo tshaj plaws kev loj hlob stimulant.
5. Luam me nyuam muaj kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev muaj peev xwm
AstaxanthinKuj tseem nquag ua hauv kev luam ntses. Nrog nws cov antioxidant kev ua si, nws tiv thaiv cov ntaub so ntswg, gametes, thiab kev txhim kho embryos tawm tsam kev puas tsuaj.
- Lub qe ua tau zoo: nyuj muab umxanthin ntxiv cov zaub mov muaj ntau cov qe me me.
- Spermility: Cov txiv neej qhia tau txhim kho phev kom zoo nkauj thiab muaj kuab lom nrog Astaxanthin txhawb nqa.
Qhov no khwv tau astaxanthin muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntxiv rau aquaculture hatmeries uas muaj siab tshaj plaws kev ua tiav.
6. Kev ntxhov siab tsis kam
Aquaculture Ntses Ntses muaj kev ntxhov siab tshwm sim los ntawm kev tuav, thauj, kub ceev, thiab dej zoo. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau kev ua kom tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv, txo qis kev loj hlob, thiab kev tuag.
Astaxanthin txo kev ntxhov siab los ntawm:
- Membinal CLAILIZATION.
- Inhibiting cortisol synthesis (hormone ntxhov siab).
- Muab kev tiv thaiv antioxidant thaum kis tau kev ntxhov siab.
Astaxanthin -} Cov ntses ntxiv kom sai ntawm kev ntxhov siab thiab muaj cov ntses tsis zoo dua li cov ntses tsis muaj qab hau.
Cov ntawv thov ntawm Astaxanthin hmoov hauv Aquaculture
1. Hom muaj txiaj ntsig los ntawm Astaxanthin
Astaxanthinhmoov yog siv ntau yam lwm tus aquaculture hom:
- Salmon thiab Trout: rau cov xim, kev loj hlob, thiab kev ntxhov siab tiv thaiv.
- Cws thiab cov khoom lag luam: rau cov xim, tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv, thiab muaj sia nyob tus nqi.
- Tilapia thiab Carp: rau antioxidant ensriching thiab cov khoom lag luam txhim kho.
- Ornamental ntses: rau cov xim thiab tag nrho kev noj qab haus huv.
2. Cov Nqi Sib Tham thiab Ntaus Nqi
Xam nrogAstaxanthinkuj nyob ntawm hom thiab daim ntawv thov:
- Salmonids: 40-100 mg / kg pub rau pigmentation.
- CURNP: 50-150 MG / KG pub rau cov xim thiab kev tiv thaiv.
- Tilapia thiab Carp: 20-80 mg / kg pub rau kev loj hlob thiab zoo- ua.
3. Qhov chaw ntawm Astaxanthin Hmoov
Ua lag luamAstaxanthinHmoov tuaj yeem tau los ntawm:
- Microalgae (Haematococcus pluvialis) - nplua nuj tshaj plaws ntuj.
- Poov (phaaffia rhrodozyma) - lwm qhov chaw.
- Synthetic Astaxanthin - siv dav tab sis muaj qee qhov kev txwv nrog kev hwm rau kev noj qab haus huv cov txiaj ntsig los ntawm ntuj ntuj.
Natural astaxanthin is normally incorporated into high-quality aquafeeds due to market demand for health-enhancing and eco-friendly aquafeeds.
Kev tshawb fawb tshawb fawb ntawm Astaxanthin hauv Ntses
Qee cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb qhia txog qee cov txiaj ntsig uasAstaxanthinmuaj aquaculture:
- Amar li al. (2001): tau pom cov pigment thiab antioxidant tiv thaiv hauv zaj sawv Trout pub pubAstaxanthinhauv kev noj haus.
- Cov ntseeg et al. (1995): Sau cov ntaub ntawv txhim kho tus nqi loj hlob thiab muaj sia nyob salmonids uas yog los ntawmAstaxanthinntxiv.
- Lauj kaub li al. (2011): Ua rau pom kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv thiab kev ntxhov siab rau hauvAstaxanthin-} proteremented cw.
- Guerin li al. (2003): CategorizedAstaxanthinRaws li lub siab - bank antioxidant, qeb duas ua ntej ntawm vitamin E thiab Beta-} carotene.
Qhov kev tshawb pom tau hais los saum toj no tsis muaj kev tsis ntseeg qhov ua kom pom kev pab ntawm Astaxanthin ntawm Maximizing Fish ua tau zoo, kev noj qab haus huv, thiab dej aquaculture.
Kev ua lag luam tus nqi thiab kev ruaj khov
Sib nrug los ntawm kev siv tus nqi ntawm biological, cov lus thov Astaxanthin muaj qhov cuam tshuam rau kev ua lag luam tus nqi thiab kev ua neeg ntev dhau:
- Cov nqi ua lag luam: Cov neeg nyiam sib sib zog nqus - xim cws thiab salmon.
- Cov kab mob qis dua: Nrog nws txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv, Astaxanthin txo qis kev noj tshuaj ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb.
- Txuas Txuas Ntxiv: Astaxanthin los ntawm microalgae yog kev sib raug zoo nrog Aquaculture Ntsuab.
Tag
AstaxanthinHmoov yog ib qho ntxiv - dua {{1} - xim ntses noj cov khoom noj. Nws yog ib qho ntxiv ntawm kev lag luam thoob plaws kev lag luam, muab cov txiaj ntsig cov nyiaj thoob ntiaj teb, kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv, kev loj hlob, thiab kev ntxhov siab tsis kam. Nrog cov chaw tshawb fawb ruaj ruaj,Astaxanthinyog qhov tseem ceeb heev hauv cov aquaraine aquaculture txij li nws txo qis kev pheej hmoo ntawm tus kab mob, txhim kho txoj kev ua tau zoo ntawm pub, thiab txhim kho cov khoom lag luam zoo.
Raws li cov Aquaculture cov haujlwm khaws cia rau kev loj hlob, pub roj ntxiv xws liAstaxanthinHmoov yuav txuas ntxiv mus ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tau txais kev noj qab haus huv ntau dua, muaj zog, thiab muaj ntses ua liaj ua teb.
Ntawv Sawv cev
Amig, EC, Kiron, V., Satoh, S., Watanabe, T. (2001). Cawv ntawm kev noj zaub mov txhawb nqa ntawm Astaxanthin thiab Vitamin E ntawm Lipid peroxidation thiab antioxidative txoj moo ntawm zaj sawv (oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture Tshawb Fawb, 32, 209-219.
Cov ntseeg Vajtswv, R., dag, ø., Torrissen, OJ (1995). Kev loj hlob thiab muaj kev ciaj sia ntawm atlantic salmon, salmo salmar L., pub cov kev noj haus muaj kev noj haus txawv ntawm Astaxanthin. Aquaculture Khoom Noj, 1 (2), 77-84.
Guerin, M., Huntley, kuv, Olaizola, M. (2003). Haematococcus Astaxinthin: Cov ntawv thov rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv thiab khoom noj khoom haus. Tiam sis nyob rau hauv biotechnology, 21 (5), 210-216.
Lauj kaub, ch, chien, yh, hunter, B. (2011). Qhov tsis kam mus rau Ammonia kev ntxhov siab ntawm Pulaeus Monodon FowiS Juduiles Pub cov zaub mov ntxiv nrog Astaxanthin. Aquaculture, 261 (2), 472-478.
Higuera -} Ciaara, I., Félix- valenzuela, L., TMyconea, FM (2006). Astaxanthin: Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm nws cov kev ntsuas tshuaj thiab kev siv. Kev txheeb xyuas tseem ceeb hauv kev tshawb fawb zaub mov thiab khoom noj khoom haus, 46 (2), 185-196.
Yuan, JP, Peng, J., Yin, K., & Wang, Jh (2011). Muaj peev xwm muaj kev noj qab haus huv - txhawb kev cuam tshuam ntawm Astaxanthin: lub siab {9} Tus nqi carotenoid tshwm sim los ntawm microalgae. Molecular zaub mov & kev tshawb fawb zaub mov noj, 55 (1), 150-165.
